A Prospective Analysis of Prediabetic Phenotypes for Cardiovascular risk, Fatty Liver Disease and Glucose Insulin Curves in tertiary care Hospital South Punjab

Objective: To analyze insulin and glucose curve, fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular risk factors among metabolic prediabetes phenotypes in the local population. Study Design: Cross-Sectional study. Place and Duration: Cardiology and Endocrinology Department in Nishtar Medical Hospital and Cardiology Hospital from 20th January 2022 to 20th January 2023. Methodology: The study included patients > 18 years old in whom an oral glucose tolerance test was indicated. All participants underwent an Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at 0, 60, and 120 minutes. Patients were classified as Phenotype 1 (Pph1) (fasting blood glucose: <100mg/dl and 120 min post OGTT: 140-199), Phenotype 2 (Pph2) (FBG: 100-125, post OGTT: 140-199), Phenotype 3 (Pph3) (FBG: 100-125, post OGTT: <140). Hepatic stenosis and fatty liver were diagnosed through abdominal ultrasound. Results: A total of 250 patients were included in the study. All patients underwent an Oral glucose tolerance test, according to the results 56.8% of participants had a normal Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), 36% were prediabetic and 7.2% were DM2. 38.8% patients had Pph1, 38.8% had Pph2 and 22.2% had Pph3. There was no difference in most hepatic steatosis and cardiovascular risk factors among study groups. However, Pph2 had significantly higher HOMA-IR, hepatic steatosis, and abnormalities in triglycerides and HDL-c compared to the normal Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) group. Pph2 and Pph3 had higher HOMA-IR than the normal Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) group. Conclusion: The frequency of cardiovascular risk factors and hepatic steatosis is similar in all pre-diabetes phenotypes; however, phenotype 2 shows relatively higher abnormalities. In addition, phenotype 3 and phenotype 2 had higher fasting glucose than phenotype 1. Keywords: Cardiovascular Diseases, Fatty Liver, Glucose, Glucose Tolerance Test, Insulin, Phenotypes. How to Cite This: Shahid M, Zahoor Z, Ahmed J, Khawaja MFS, Ali L, Hashmi KA. A Prospective Analysis of Prediabetic Phenotypes for Cardiovascular risk, Fatty Liver Disease and Glucose Insulin Curves in tertiary care Hospital South Punjab. Isra Med J. 2024; 16(2): 67-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55282/imj.oa1406