Optimizing Outdoor Thermal Comfort with Pedestrian-Based Urban Greenery Planning: A Microclimate Simulation Study

This study evaluates outdoor thermal comfort in Labban Square, El Mina, Lebanon, using ENVI-met, a microclimate simulation tool designed to support urban planning and outdoor environmental design. A pedestrian flow analysis was conducted to identify the primary walking path through the square, which guided the redesign of the urban greenery layout. The study includes a comparative assessment of thermal comfort before and after implementing the redesigned greenery plan. Results demonstrate the significant influence of urban greenery on improving the thermal comfort of the square, providing valuable insights into the role of vegetation in mitigating urban heat and enhancing outdoor spaces for pedestrians. By integrating pedestrian movement data with microclimate simulation, this research highlights the importance of green infrastructure in creating more livable and comfortable urban environments, especially in areas with hot climates. The findings also offer urban planners and landscape designers' practical guidance for optimizing outdoor thermal comfort through pedestrian-based urban greenery planning.