Data-Driven Approach to Coastal Water Quality Management: Enhancing Sustainable Decision-Making for Engineering and Development Initiatives

This paper is part of undergraduate coursework addressing the ecological impacts of urbanization and industrialization, with a focus on water pollution and diminishing water resources in Bahrain coastal areas. The study analyzes water samples from Tubli Bay, Al-Hidd Walkway, and Busaiteen Beach using methodologies such as pH testing, turbidity assessment, conductivity measurement, Total Solids (TS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) analysis. Key parameters, including pH, temperature, and turbidity, were assessed against international standards from the World Health Organization and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Results indicated pH levels ranged from 7.15 to 7.44 and turbidity from 20.7 NTU to 22.1 NTU, suggesting suspended particles from sediment runoff and anthropogenic activities. Elevated TDS and conductivity measurements reflect significant salinity in the coastal areas studied. The objectives include monitoring water quality, evaluating compliance with regulatory standards, and assessing pollution impacts on aquatic ecosystems.