Performance Analysis of Energy and Secure Efficient Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are essential for various applications, but their architecture makes them vulnerable to attacks. While traditional security methods like authentication and encryption offer some protection, they often fall short against specific node attacks. This paper introduces the Secure Energy Aware Routing (SEAR) strategy, which uses trust-based assessments to exclude malicious nodes while optimizing energy consumption. SEAR factors in node trust, hop time, and residual energy to ensure reliable data transmission through trustworthy nodes. MATLAB simulations on networks of varying sizes (100–500) compare SEAR with existing methods (EAD and EASER), demonstrating SEAR's superior performance. Results show significant improvements in packet delivery ratio (13-16%), network throughput (19–24 %), energy consumption (32-36<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</sup>), packet loss (16-190/0), and end-to-end latency (21-26<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">%</sup>), proving SEAR's effectiveness in enhancing WSN security, energy efficiency, and performance.