Power Analysis on Hardware Implementation of CRYSTALS-Kyber

CRYSTALS-Kyber is a post-quantum cryptography that can effectively resist quantum attacks. It has been included in the draft standard by NIST. Therefore, it is greatly important to research the side-channel security of its hardware implementation. In this paper, we propose an optimized chosen-ciphertext power analysis method for the hardware implementation of the CRYSTALS-Kyber. We conducted the side-channel security analysis experiments using the CW305 Artix-7 FPGA and analyzed the experimental results. The results demonstrate that our method can effectively exploit the side-channel leakage information from the hardware implementation of CRYSTALS-Kyber, improving the accuracy of the attack, reducing the number of power traces required, and achieving a key recovery accuracy of 98.8%.