Research on low-power microprocessor design and optimization technology

In modern electronic systems, the energy efficiency of microprocessors has become an important factor in determining their performance and application scope. With the rapid development of mobile devices, Internet of Things (IoT) and portable electronics, low-power microprocessor design has become particularly important. The aim of this paper is to explore low-power microprocessor design and optimization techniques, focusing on how to effectively reduce power consumption without significantly affecting performance. We begin with an overview of the fundamentals and major challenges of low-power design, followed by an in-depth analysis of a variety of optimization techniques at the architectural level, circuit level, and algorithmic and software levels. This paper demonstrates the effects and tradeoffs of these techniques in practical applications through specific case studies, and provides an outlook on future trends and research directions in low-power microprocessor design. It provides a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for realizing more efficient and energy-saving microprocessor design, which has important academic value and application prospects.