Assessing the Use of Crumb Rubber to Enhance Sabkha Soil Properties: Application in Bahrain

Construction on Sabkha soils poses challenges due to the properties of these soils (high salinity, low shear strength, and expansive behavior). Addressing these issues often requires soil stabilization techniques such as the use of crumb rubber or other additives. The purpose of this study is to assess the performance and improvement of Sabkha soil when replacing it with rubber crumb by 3%, 5% and 7%. The findings revealed improvement in the shear strength, permeability, unconfined compressive strength and maximum dry density of Sabkha soil when utilizing crumb rubber as a replacement. At a higher replacement percentage (7%), the unconfined compressive strength, shear strength and maximum dry density increased by 42%, 56% and 7.7% respectively, while the permeability decreased by 64%. The significant enhancement of Sabkha soil through the incorporation of crumb rubber greatly facilitates construction efforts in the region. This innovative approach aligns with Bahrain's Sustainable Development Goals, particularly in fostering sustainable cities and communities although further research is needed to evaluate its long-term effectiveness and environmental impact.