Nanocomposite 2D Graphene synthesized various TMDs (MoS2, CoS2 and NiS2) as a counter electrode for Platinum free efficient dye-sensitized solar cells

The counter electrode plays a vital role in solarcell performance. Instead of using platinum (Pt) CE, many inorganic and organic counter electrodes (CEs) have been created for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). However, because of their exceptional chemical stability, low cost, simple fabrication, flexibility, transparence, potential for high efficiency and better electrochemical qualities, carbon nanocomposite and MoS2 have been crucial to CEs. In this work, we created a graphene nanocomposite with TMDs (MoS2, CoS2, and NiS2) integrated as a counter electrode that can be easily manufactured hydrothermally and utilized in DSSCs. Through the use of energy dispersive spectrum analysis, Raman, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction, the structural, morphological, and elemental content of the samples were examined. In comparison to MoS2@graphene and CoS2@graphene, respectively, NiS2@graphene hybrid demonstrated superior electrical conductivity and catalytic activity as a substitute for platinum counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). When compared to MoS2@graphene (7.71 ± 0.03%) and CoS2@graphene (8.01 ± 0.05%), the resultant NiS2@graphene counter electrodes (CEs) showed greater power conversion efficiencies (8.42 ± 0.05%). The availability of catalytic edge sites, the three-dimensional (3D) structure of NiS2, which promotes electrolyte/reactant transport, and the exceptional electrical connection to the underneath graphene are responsible for the exceptional performance of DSSCs. Therefore, our findings show that more research should be done 2D Graphene on the TMDs materials for dye-sensitized solar cells.