High tracheal stenosis due to prolonged intubation

The trachea is a flexible semi-rigid tube extending from the lower edge of the cricoid cartilage, which bifurcates into two main bronchi. It is normally 10-11 cm in length, with variations by age, sex, and race. Post-intubation tracheal stenosis is known as ischemic tracheal stenosis due to scar retraction or deposition of pathological tissue, caused by the mechanical effect on the tracheal mucosa, associated with an irritative, inflammatory, ischemic and sometimes an infectious factor, induced by the endotracheal tube, its tilting movements, the excess pressure of the insufflated balloon, traumatic aspirations, poor handling technique and continuous care of the endotracheal device in an essential way, making this pathology one of the most frequent complications of prolonged intubation, it is considered that approximately 20 % of patients with invasive ventilation may present it