Characteristics of pregnancy, childbirth and the condition of newborns in pregnant women with an allogeneic fetus

The objective: to determine the characteristics of pregnancy, childbirth and the condition of newborns in pregnant women with an allogeneic fetus who received pregravid preparation and pregnancy management according to the newly developed improved algorithm. Materials and methods. 80 pregnant women examined prospectively were divided into two groups: Group I (main) - 40 pregnant women who were involved in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) programs using donor oocytes with the formation of an allogeneic fetus, who received pregravid preparation and pregnancy management according to the newly developed improved algorithm, Group II - 40 pregnant women who were involved in ART programs using donor oocytes with the formation of an allogeneic fetus and whose management is planned to be carried out according to the generally accepted algorithm. A comparative clinical and statistical analysis of the characteristics of pregnancy, childbirth and the status of newborn health in women of both groups was carried out. Statistical processing of research results was carried out using the standard SPSS Statistics program. Results. Among the patients of the Group I, the rates of threatened abortion at more than 12 weeks of pregnancy, ultrasound signs of retrochorial/retroamniotic hematoma detected both before and after 12 weeks of pregnancy were significantly lower in comparison with the Group II. The levels of gestational anemia, including the moderate anemia, were also significantly lower. The women of the main group had significantly lower rates of registration of hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, including mild/moderate preeclampsia, as well as fetal growth restriction. The proportion of planned caesarean sections was significantly higher in the first group, and fetal distress was recorded as an indication for the operation significantly less often in the patients of the Group I in comparison to the Group II. The mean weight of newborns was significantly higher in patients of the main group compared to the second group, and the proportion of newborns of Group I with signs of asphyxia and posthypoxic encephalopathy were significantly lower as compared to the Group II. Conclusions. The decrease in the rates of obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women with an allogeneic fetus, whose management was carried out according to the newly developed improved algorithm, indicates the possibility of influencing the key pathophysiological processes in the abovementioned conditions and the feasibility of the active implementation of relevant treatment and preventive measures. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies.