Driving innovation at the base of the pyramid: The impact of NGOs and the quadruple helix approach

This study aims to explore the influence of non-government organizations (NGOs) on innovation and value creation at the bottom of the pyramid (BoP). We thoroughly examined numerous case studies. We chose six NGOs in India and collected data through interviews and secondary sources. The research findings indicate that NGOs operating in developing countries have a higher tendency to create sustainable business models that effectively empower communities at the BoP. In addition, these NGOs have the potential to enhance traditional rural clusters in order to promote inclusive growth, generate value at the BoP through innovation and develop the capacity of communities at the BoP. This study adds to the existing body of literature by examining the quadruple helix model in the context of BoP communities, specifically looking at the involvement of NGOs. In addition, we present a conceptual framework for examining the impact of NGOs on innovation and value creation at the BoP within the quadruple helix ecosystem.