Preparation, In-Vitro and Ex-Vivo Evaluation of Liposomal Gel Delivery system for Timolol Maleate

This study focuses on the development and characterization of a novel liposomal gel formulation intended for ocular drug delivery. The liposomal gel was prepared using the thin-film hydration method, with Tween-80 employed as a stabilizing agent to prevent aggregation. The encapsulation efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) of the liposomal formulation containing the active ingredient, timolol maleate, were evaluated. The encapsulation efficiency was found to be 57.47%, with a particle size of 340.8 nm and a zeta potential of -29.0 mV. The polydispersity index was determined to be 0.576, indicating a uniform distribution of liposome sizes and good stability of the formulation. The developed liposomal gel aims to enhance drug permeation, optimize therapeutic response, and minimize potential side effects associated with conventional forms of the drug. The incorporation of multilamellar vesicles into the gel matrix is expected to prolong drug residence time at the ocular surface, thereby improving drug absorption and reducing dosing frequency. Additionally, the mucoadhesive properties of the carbopol 940 gel base further enhance ocular residence time, leading to improved patient compliance and comfort. Overall, the prepared liposomal gel formulation shows promise as an effective ocular drug delivery system. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, as well as its safety and efficacy for clinical use.