Sorption activity of the epithelium of the oral cavity in residents of Arkhangelsk depending on body mass index

The purpose of the study: to study the features of the sorption activity of the epithelium of the oral mucosa, depending on the body mass index. A survey of 61 practically healthy women living in Arkhangelsk aged 19 to 45 years was conducted. According to the results of the distribution, two groups were formed depending on BMI: BMI > 25 (30 people) and BMI < 25 (31 people). To exclude the metabolic syndrome, a study of the main parameters of the lipid profile was conducted. The sorption activity of the epithelium in the separated oral mucosa in the group with a BMI >25 was lower compared with the group of subjects with normal weight. The average number of peripheral blood leukocytes in the examined group with a BMI>25 was statistically significantly higher (6.67±0.88 ×10^9 cells/l compared with 4.94±0.06 ×10^9 cells/l) due to neutrophil granulocytes (3.75±0.27 ×10^9 cells/l versus 2.50±0.18 ×10^9 cells/l). Their content levels did not go beyond the reference values. The average level of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the supernatant of oral fluid in individuals with a BMI >2.5 was twice as high (20.19±2.95 pg/ml compared with 10.95±1.80 pg/ml). The average levels of IL-1β in peripheral blood in individuals of both groups studied do not exceed the physiological norm, and the average levels of this proinflammatory cytokine in the supernatant of oral fluid are 2-4 times higher than in the cut, it can be assumed that the local synthesis of this cytokine. low levels of sorption activity of the oral epithelium in individuals with a BMI >25 may indicate a risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Thus, in individuals with a BMI > 25, a decrease in the levels of sorption activity of the oral epithelium was revealed, as well as a twofold increase in the average levels of IL-1β in the supernatant of the oral fluid, which suggests a more intense inflammatory reaction of the oral mucosa, the chronization of which can lead to metabolic changes, and, as a result, can contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome. At the same time, the average levels of IL-1β in peripheral blood do not change, which emphasizes the relative autonomy of the local immune response. Concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the oral fluid, which are many times higher than the average levels of IL-1β in peripheral blood, indicate a predominantly local synthesis of this inflammatory mediator. Keywords: Sorption, epithelium, obesity.