The ratio of capillary and venous peripheral blood, assessment of their changes after short-term cooling

A comparative analysis of capillary and venous blood parameters in practically healthy people before and after general cooling was carried out. It has been established that in capillary blood a higher level of leukocytes is provided mainly by mature forms of monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. There were no significant differences in the level of lymphocytes. The response to cooling, depending on the hematological test, is an increase in the circulating pool of leukocytes in capillary blood due to increased cell migration and activation of lymphocyte recycling, and in venous blood - an increase in the output of neutrophils from the depot. Red blood cells in capillary blood have a large degree of variation in size. After cooling, erythrocyte indices of capillary and venous blood have the same tendency to increase, with a higher rate of increase in the capillary sample, which may reflect their importance in the regulation of the homeostasis of small vessels during cooling. In capillary blood the level of platelets is lower, but their population is more heterogeneous and the content of large cells is higher. With general cooling, platelet parameters, regardless of the hematological test, did not change significantly. Thus, changes in the composition of venous blood reflect the classic response to stress with an increase in the level of segmented neutrophils. Changes in capillary blood parameters are aimed at maintaining the homeostasis of small vessels, increasing the pool of functionally active and recirculating cells that provide an effective response to antigenic influence. Keywords: capillary blood, venous blood, leukogram, hemogram, general cooling, adaptation.