THE STRUCTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN'S GDP: ANALYSIS AND FORECAST OF KEY GROWTH DRIVERS

The raw materials orientation of the Kazakhstan economy and its high dependence on oil prices makes it more vulnerable to ongoing macroeconomic phenomena and processes. In this regard, there is a need for an in-depth study of the structure of the economy of Kazakhstan, which allows us to identify industries that occupy a significant share and identify key drivers of GDP growth in the country. To do this, the article analyzes the dynamics of Kazakhstan's economic growth over a ten-year period in nominal and real terms. The analysis of the GDP structure of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out, as a result of which the predominant share of the services sector was revealed, accounting for more than half of the country's GDP, where the main share is occupied by the trade and transport sector. The share of manufacturing industry prevails in the goods production sector, but it does not make a significant contribution to the country's GDP due to the structural features of the economy associated with the predominance of highly profitable sectors dependent on resource extraction. It is proved that investments, which for many years have been directed to the mining and manufacturing industries, play a special role in the diversification of sectoral directions in the country's economy. Only during the year, investments changed their trajectory in the direction of supporting non-oil sectors, the effect of which is not yet felt. At the same time, there is a decrease in foreign direct investment in the development of such areas as agriculture, education, healthcare, scientific and technical activities, entertainment and recreation.