TRACING THE OMBUDSMAN HISTORICAL ROOTS IN THE CONTEXT OF POLICY TRANSFER

The ongoing debate regarding the historical origins of the ombudsman remains a topic of contemporary discourse. This study delves into both the inception and progression of the ombudsman, analyzing its historical trajectory and transformations within the context of policy transfer. The focus lies in understanding how policies or public administrations behave and evolve over time. Specifically, the study seeks to elucidate the emergence of a policy within the framework of policy transfer, using the roots of the ombudsman and administrative mechanisms in Ottoman and Sweden as illustrative examples. Through this exploration, it becomes evident that every policy leaves an indelible mark at its origin and often circles back to its point of origin. Policy diffusion, as evidenced by path-dependent development in policy transfer, preserves its essence and manifests a discernible correlation throughout the historical process.