Effector proteins of Funneliformis mosseae BR221: unravelling plant-fungal interactions through reference-based transcriptome analysis, in vitro validation, and protein‒protein docking studies

These findings of the current study provide a foundational understanding of fungal-host molecular interactions and open avenues for exploring pathways influenced by these effectors. By deepening our knowledge of these mechanisms, the use of AM fungi in biofertilizer formulations can be refined by selecting strains with specific effectors that enhance nutrient uptake, improve drought and disease resistance, and tailor the fungi's symbiotic efficiency to different crops or environmental conditions, thus contributing to more targeted and sustainable agricultural practices.