THE SPIRITUAL AND CULTURAL NATURE OF RELIGIOUS VOCABULARY IN THE LANGUAGE OF THE WRITTEN HERITAGE OF THE ERA OF ULUS JOCHI

The article examines the spiritual and cultural aspects of religious vocabulary in the written monuments of the Ulus of Jochi era, specifically in the poems of Qutb «Khusraw and Shirin», Sayf Sarai «Gulistan bit-turki», Khwarazmi «Muhabbat-nameh», «Central Asian Tafsir», and the prose work of Mahmud bin Ali al-Bulgari al-Kerderi «Nahj al-Faradis». The main objective of the research is to study the spiritual and cultural processes that influenced the history and culture of the Ulus of Jochi and the subsequent formation of the Kazakh ethnos as a nation, based on medieval written monuments. For this purpose, religious lexical units were extracted from the texts and analyzed. The religious vocabulary, based on Arabic-Persian borrowings, is described in an ethnocultural context as influencing the formation of the written literary language of the Middle Turkic era and the consolidation of Muslim traditions among the peoples who spoke this language. The religious lexical units were divided into several lexical-semantic groups and studied. The study established that a certain layer of religious vocabulary was formed on the basis of this Turkic language, confirmed by linguistic data. Using historical-comparative methods, words such as «yaratqan», «ugan», «izi», «yalavash», and others were analyzed. It was fully established that the religious lexical units, which express spiritual and cultural values and have been preserved throughout history, are an ethnocultural reflection of the nation, also visible in the modern Kazakh language.