Flipped Classroom and Blended Learning: How Do They Affect Design Students’ Learning Motivation in the Post-pandemic Era?

In the post-pandemic era, education has significantly transformed, moving from traditional face-to-face teaching to blended learning, which combines online and offline methods. Online education has emerged as a flexible and accessible alternative, especially during extraordinary circumstances such as pandemics. This shift has increased the demand for student-centered blended learning methodologies to address the limitations of