Energy Management Strategy for Heavy-Duty Commercial Vehicles with Hybrid Electric System in Cold and High-Altitude Environment

This Paper proposes a global optimization energy management strategy based on dynamic programming for a series hybrid heavy-duty commercial vehicle powered by micro gas turbines in high-altitude environments. It considers the impact of high altitudes on the characteristics of gas turbines and batteries, integrating these factors into the strategy. Simulation modeling based on experimental data from hybrid commercial trucks which is conducted to validate the energy management strategy. Utilizing dynamic programming, the strategy divides time and control variables into grids, systematically exploring and optimizing the optimal control sequences for SOC at each time step until the final one, thereby generating a series of optimal SOC control sequences. Simulation results indicate that, with the modeling of real vehicle data, adoption of the proposed energy management strategy reduces hybrid system fuel consumption by 25% for series hybrid heavy-duty commercial vehicles, effectively minimizing energy losses during driving conditions beyond standard operations.