Accelerometer design and navigation system research based on opto-mechanical principle under extreme conditions

To address the possibility of losing external signal connections, navigation systems must have the ability to independently collect navigation data. Therefore, this study explores the current state of inertial navigation systems, analyzes their advantages, and focuses on the selection and design of the gyroscope and accelerometers within these systems. The study opts for an accelerometer based on photonic crystal nanocavities. Compared to traditional accelerometers and MEMS accelerometers, the photonic-based accelerometer offers high precision, sensitivity, a wide frequency response range, strong resistance to electromagnetic interference, and resilience to temperature and corrosion. To make the photonic crystal accelerometer more suitable for operation in extreme conditions, the study conducts coupling optimization and uses optical simulation, mechanical simulation, and optomechanical computation to test the coupling results. Finally, the study calculates the coupling coefficients of the photonic crystal structure, yielding values of 808 Hz/nm for the optical coupling coefficient and 392 Hz/nm for the phononic coupling coefficient, thus proving the high precision of this accelerometer.