Research on Cryptography Based on Quantum-Resistant Algorithms

In this paper, we discuss the challenges of quantum computing to traditional cryptography and the latest development of post-quantum cryptography as a coping strategy. As quantum computing advances, cryptographic algorithms that rely on the complexity of classical computers, such as RSA and ECC, are at risk of failing, which has prompted the cryptography community to seek new encryption solutions. Post-quantum cryptography focuses on encryption technology and develops resistance to quantum computing attacks. It studies encryption schemes based on lattice theory, multivariate polynomials, coding theory, and hash functions. In addition, lattice-based cryptography is critical. It builds multiple algorithms, including RLWE and NTRU, focusing on LWE and SIS issues, demonstrating strong potential in a quantum computing environment. In terms of signature algorithms, Dilithium and Falcon lattice-based schemes are the focus of standardization. In the simulation analysis of these algorithms, we evaluated their security, efficiency, and compatibility, laying the theoretical and practical foundation for the cryptosystem transformation in the post-quantum era.