Anode Pressure Control of Fuel Cell Engine Based on Dual Injectors

The hydrogen management subsystem has a significant impact on the output performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) and plays a crucial role in the control of fuel cell systems. In order to improve the output power of the system and reduce the parasitic power, this paper designs a parallel bipolar injector to replace the original combination structure of a hydrogen circulation pump and a single injector, and verifies the effectiveness of the design through FLUENT simulation. Balancing the pressure between the anode and cathode is crucial for extending the lifespan of fuel cells. To address the issue of multi valve control in injectors, four switching solenoid valves are used as the intake valves, and hydrogen is injected through a rotary opening method. Due to the fact that the on/off valve only has two states, it is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model. This article calibrates the flow characteristics of the on/off valve through variable duty cycle experiments, establishes the correspondence between duty cycle and flow rate, derives the reference flow rate corresponding to the target pressure based on inverse methods, checks MAP, and determines the size of the control duty cycle. The effectiveness of the algorithm was verified on the test bench. Finally, the anode pressure tracking control of the hydrogen inlet system was achieved.