Application of Spread Spectrum Time Domain Method in New Energy Cable Fault Detection

With the rapid progress of new energy technology, power cables, as key components of power grids, have attracted much attention for their safety and reliability. XLPE cables are widely used in new energy grids due to their excellent electrical performance, but frequent cable failures affect the stability of the grid. This study explores the application of SSTDR in new energy cable fault detection, aiming to improve detection efficiency and accuracy. The study deeply analyzes the structure, cause of failure, and classification of power cables, and based on the theory of traveling wave propagation, explains the technical principle and system architecture of SSTDR method. SSTDR method sends PN sequence test signals and uses traveling wave reflection characteristics to achieve fault location and determine the type of fault. In order to address the problem of signal attenuation in long-distance transmission, this study innovatively introduces a symbol decision device to effectively recover reflected signals and improve detection accuracy. Through the MATLAB simulation platform, it accurately simulates the transmission characteristics and signal attenuation laws of cables, and compares and verifies the detection effects before and after the improvement of SSTDR method. The results show that the improved system significantly improves signal peak identification, time delay estimation, and fault location accuracy, effectively addressing the challenge of signal attenuation. Therefore, SSTDR method provides an efficient and reliable solution for new energy cable fault detection, with potential for wide application. In the future, it can further optimize signal design, improve weak signal recognition ability, expand the scope of system application, and promote continuous innovation and development of SSTDR method.