Triple-Facet Loaded Dual-Polarized Quad-band DRA for Self-Renewable Smart City Applications using RF Energy Harvesting

Radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) is adopted as a better alternative of energy for powering various wireless sensor networks of a smart city. However, a multiband antenna acquires a greater potential in the RFEH process to enhance the antenna's receiving strength. This work presented a quadband dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) with dual-polarization characteristics. The multi-resonances are obtained by applying a spiral facet technique on three different faces [left-front and bottom] of the intended rectangular DRA. A K10 material with a ε<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">r</inf>=10 and a dimension of 0.262λ<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf>×0.22λ<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf>×0.122λ<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</inf> has been preferred for fabricating the DRA. The proposed antenna operates at 5.2 GHz 5.8 GHz, 6.56 GHz and 6.88 GHz frquencies. The proposed technique helps to achieve circular polarization characteristics in the frequency range of (5.77-5.83 GHz). The maximum simulated gain achieved by the proposed antenna is 6.85 dB at WLAN 5.2 GHz frequency. A voltage doubler rectifier (VDR) configuration with an HSMS2860 diode has been investigated to integrate it with an antenna for RF energy harvesting purposes. The designed rectifier offers a maximum PCE and output voltages of 62% and 2.5V respectively. A good contract between measurement and simulated results is observed.