Design and Analysis of a Multiband Hex-Ring Patch Antenna for WLAN and WiMAX Applications

Micro-strip planar antennas are considered the best and most efficient antenna structures due to their low cost, minimum weight, simple construction, and easy integration with any circuit. To achieve multi-band applications, an antenna was designed and analyzed using CST Microwave Studio. In this work, a compact hexagonal ring antenna was designed for operating in a multi-narrow band frequency range, which has various applications. To design the antenna, a sequential approach was taken to get the most effective design and best performance. The antenna has undergone four iterations to get the best results. After comparing the results of all four designs, the third proved to be the best for making prototypes. The third design operated on multiband frequencies and gave the best result of a s parameter value of -40.76 dB at 5.61 GHz,-23.96 dB at 2.454 GHz and -29.26 dB at 1.608 GHz. The proposed design offers high stable gain multiple-band operation with good directional radiation properties.