Investigating the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Cells Using Cs₂AgBiBr₆ Perovskite: Analyzing the Impact of Absorber Layer Thickness

Lead-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are unstable and poisonous, so the development of lead-free alternative possibilities such as Cs<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>AgBiBr<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> perovskites has become ever more crucial considering modern environmental problems. These Cs<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>AgBiBr<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> offer incredible solar gathering capability based on their light collecting capabilities. Though continuous worries about lead exposure and stability over time necessitate attention, Cs<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>AgBiBr<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> PSCs are attracting attention as a potential solar energy source. This work is largely to investigate the photovoltaic (PV) characteristics of the Cs<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>AgBiBr<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</inf> layer thickness. The 1D-SCAPS system helps to finish this investigation. Generating renewable energy with PSCs looks to be a realistic one since they are less expensive and more efficient than other techniques. Different thickness has been investigated to see how the gadget performs in order to find changes. In this proposed effort, the thickness of the active layer changed in ten equal intervals between 0.06 and 0.6 µm. Band gap in material CsSnCI<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</inf> at 1.654 eV. Different thickness of the absorbent layer produces a PCE of 23.34%, a V<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">OC</inf> of 1.377 V, a J<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">SC</inf> of 21.42 mA/cm<inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf>, and an FF of 79.09%. The results of the study are strategically placed inside the framework of previous studies to underline how much safer usage of inorganic perovskite energy sources is currently. The expected outcome of this effort is technological sustainable PV improvement and energy harvesting.