The phenomenon of neurological components prevalence in influencing the quality of life of patients with the atopic dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis overlap syndrome in modern realities

Background. Over the last decade, the incidence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has increased significantly and reaches from 5 to 20 % in different countries, which is obviously related to the improvement of the diagnostic algorithm. According to modern data, the course of AD has significantly worsened despite the improvement of comprehensive treatment methods. To a certain extent, this may be due to the presence of a comorbid condition, or overlap syndrome, of AD and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). The purpose was to develop a scale for assessing the quality of life of patients with the AD and ACD overlap syndrome based on an integrated questionnaire and to evaluate the neurological component of the course of the disease. Materials and methods. Based on the analysis of world publications over the past 5 years, the authors developed a questionnaire that considers the main components of the quality of life of patients with the AD + ACD overlap syndrome, and for its designation, they proposed the Latin abbreviation QLI-OS-AD/ACD-2024 (Quality of Life Index Overlap-Syndrome Atopic Dermatitis/Allergic Contact Dermatitis-2024). It is proposed to evaluate the results of the questionnaire based on the score: 0–7 — overlap syndrome of AD and ACD does not significantly affect the quality of life, 8–14 — significantly affects and 15–20 — significantly worsens the quality of life. Results. From the selected cohort, 16 (29.1 %) patients, according to the results of the survey, received a total score from 1 to 7 points and characterized the impact of the disease on their quality of life as not significant, 32 (58.2 %) assessed the impact of the AD and ACD overlap syndrome as substantial, having from 8 to 14 points. The quality of life significantly worsened in 7 (12.7 %) patients who received a total score of 15 to 20 points. It was found that the greatest influence in the quality of life panel is exerted by the overlap syndrome on the quality of sleep and cognitive functions: a negative impact on sleep was noted by a total of 42 (76.4 %) participants, of which in 31 (56.4 %) — sometimes and in 11 (20.0 %) — always; deterioration of memory and attention was recorded in 43 (78.2 %) cases, of which in 35 (63.6 %) — sometimes and in 8 (14.5 %) — always. Conclusions. The QLI-OS-AD/ACD-2024 questionnaire makes it possible to assess the degree of the AD and ACD overlap syndrome influence on the quality of life of dermatological patients, and the detection of the neurological component prevalence phenomenon in the negative impact on the quality of life allows patients to be referred to a neurologist in a timely manner and to develop an adequate approach to the comprehensive treatment of the AD and ACD overlap syndrome.