Wideband Dual-Polarized Metasurface Antenna With Polarization Reconfigurable Controlled by Diode and Resistor, Featuring Low RCS

A polarization-reconfigurable metasurface wideband antenna with dual polarization and a low radar cross section (RCS) is presented. The antenna employs a diode positioned between two transmission lines to control the current direction and a resistor on a defected-ground branch to manage phase shifts, enabling seamless transitions between circular polarization and linear polarization. The elliptical metasurface design contributes to a reduced RCS. The design results are verified through measurement, showing an impedance bandwidth (IBW) of 49.1%, an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 23.2% for the diode is <sc xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">off</small>, an IBW of 36.4% for the diode is <sc xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">on</small>, the IBW of the connected resistor is 40.7%, and the peak gains for the three states are 6.4 dBi, 4.4 dBi, and 4.2 dBi, respectively. The metasurface achieves a low RCS bandwidth ranging from 2 GHz to 24 GHz, showing a 6 dBsm reduction in RCS from 4.9 GHz to 19.7 GHz, which corresponds to a 120.3% decrease compared to a perfect electric conductor (PEC) plate.