Opportunities and challenges of artificial intelligence in agriculture: Some brief reflections

In recent years, agriculture sector has suffered significant transformation driven by the development of emerging technologies that form the basis approach known as Agriculture 4.0 (Alam et al., 2023).This new agricultural revolution is characterized by the integration of advanced technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), robotics, Big Data, programming and computing, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), among others (Erazo-Mesa et al., 2022).In this context, AI plays a crucial role by enabling the integration of these tools to efficiently analyze large volumes of data generated from traditional monitoring methods, proximal and remote sensors, and various platforms for plants, climate, soil, pest populations, and beneficial organism phenotyping.