Comparative account of morphological and diagnostic characterisation of medicinal plants, Cassia acutifolia Delile and Cassia obovata Collad. leaves in Uzbekistan

The anatomical structure of the leaves of Cassia acutifolia Delile and Cassia obovata Collad.under the conditions of Uzbekistan was comprehensively studied, and key diagnostic features were identified.During the examination of the leaf structure, several unique characteristics were observed.The epidermis consists of thin-walled cells arranged in rows, covered by a cuticle that aids in moisture retention.Notably, anomocytic stomata were present between the epidermal cells, and beneath the epidermis, a dense layer of palisade tissue was found.This tissue is densely packed with chloroplasts arranged in two to three rows.Additionally, the presence of xylem and phloem, which are essential for water and nutrient transport, was observed.These conducting fibers are surrounded externally by sclerenchyma, providing structural support.Another distinctive feature was the presence of essential oil papillae within the epidermis, further contributing to the plant's medicinal properties.As a result of this research, several diagnostic features were identified: Anomocytic stomata on the surface, a single row of thin epidermal cells with a thin cuticle, palisade tissue rich in chloroplasts, conducting fibers composed of xylem and phloem, and the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the epidermis.These findings highlight the specific anatomical traits that distinguish these medicinal plants.