Chromatographic profiling and phytomedicinal properties on heartwood extractives of farm grown teakwood (Tectona grandis L.f.)

Teak (Tectona grandis L.f.) is a highly sought-after tree species due to its exceptional quality and strong resistance to fungal and termite attacks.Tectoquinone, a major bioactive compound found in teak (T.grandis) heartwood, is of interest in phytomedicine due to its diverse therapeutic properties.The purpose of the current study is to analyse and compare the chemical constituents especially tectoquinone content of teak heartwood from north eastern zone of Tamil Nadu.The biochemical analysis of two heartwood samples; namely, 11 and 17 years age were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry technique.Nine secondary metabolites were detected; namely, alkaloids, phenols, aldehydes, ketones, heterocycle, acids, benzene series, alkanes, esters and study result found that presence of higher proportion of alkaloids in both the samples.Among the alkaloids, tectoquinone principle compound exhibited relatively higher proportion of 5.156 % with the retention time of 25.572 RT in 17 years sample which acts as a resistant phytomedicinal compound against termite attack in order to increase the durability of wood.It helps to identify that secondary metabolites concentration especially tectoquinone content increased with increasing age and hence wood durability is achieved only in the matured trees.