Comparison of proximate analysis on phytochemicals and metabolite profiling of gamma-irradiated and mutagenic chemically treated Jamun leaves (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) using GC-MS technique

The current study investigates the proximate analysis, phytochemical content, and metabolite profiling of gamma-irradiated and chemically mutagen-treated jamun leaves (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).It included eleven different treatments from the result showed that the T 5 (Gamma irradiation at 50 Gy) achieved the highest levels of crude fat (0.68%), crude fiber (8.24%), crude protein (5.56%) and ash content (1.98%).Jamun leaves treated with gamma radiation and EMS chemical extracts were analysed using GC-MS method.A total of 15 and 16 metabolites were identified in treatments T 5 and T 10 , respectively, based on their retention times (RT), peak areas, molecular weights, and IUPAC names.Key compounds identified in T 5 include 1,2,3-benzenetriol (RT: 8.60 min, 14.33%), 1Hcycloprop[e]azulene (RT: 9.94 min, 16.69%), and 4-((E)-((Z)-5-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-3ethyl-4-oxothiazolidin-2-ethylidene) amino), benzoic acid (RT: 10.03 min, 15.42%).In T 10 , significant components include ethylparaben (47.67%,RT: 10.03 min), 1,2,3-benzene-triol(13.25%, RT: 8.60 min), and 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-cyclopropylethanone (13.25%,RT: 8.60 min).Among the extracted principal bioactive substances belong to various groups including fatty acids, triterpenes, monoterpenoids, alcohol, heterocyclic compounds, terpenoid compounds, benzene and acetate groups.