Coaches’ perspectives of the use of small-sided games in the professional soccer training environment

Objective: The utilization and variation of small-sided games (SSGs) in team sports have garnered increased attention in recent years. This study aimed to explore the application of SSGs in high-performance soccer using qualitative methods. Methods: Five high-performance soccer coaches participated in semi-structured interviews. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted, revealing six key themes: 1) the relevance of SSGs, 2) variations in SSGs, 3) the role of SSGs in planning and periodization, 4) the diverse functions and meanings of SSGs within a high-performance team, 5) decision-making and creativity in SSGs, and 6) the emphasis on tactical development through SSGs. Results: The findings highlighted the integral role of SSGs in the coaches’ training routines, particularly on microcycle days -4 and -3, and for both substitute and starting players. Coaches identified the number of players and pitch dimensions as primary constraints to manipulate. The leadership of SSGs was typically delegated to assistant coaches to enhance the physical and enjoyment aspects. SSGs were predominantly used to develop positional play, with specific playing positions constrained in various pitch areas to elicit targeted behaviors. Furthermore, SSGs were employed to enhance players’ decision-making and creativity by providing game-like scenarios that encourage spontaneous problem-solving. Conclusion: This study underscores the critical importance of SSGs in high-performance soccer training, offering practical insights for coaches and theoretical implications for researchers. Coaches can leverage SSGs to replicate match demands, foster tactical understanding, and enhance player engagement.