Ecosystem of game animals is the economic and mathematical model for optimizing the size and structure of game animal populations in the ecosystem

Methodology of economic and mathematical modeling involves the formation of a system from subsystems and elements united by logical relationships. The size and structure of subsystems and elements can be optimized in the system for diff erent optimality criteria. According to this algorithm, mathematical models of ecosystems with diff erent content bases are formed. Biological subsystems and elements can serve as a basis for an ecosystem that is solved for economic optimality criteria, or economic indicators can act as relationships in the ecosystem. In this way, the content base of the mathematical model is represented by biological subsystems and elements, and the optimality criteria are formed on the basis of economic indicators. This process is refl ected in the economic and mathematical model of a specifi c ecosystem. An original economic and mathematical model (EMM) for optimizing the size and structure of game animal populations in a given ecosystem has been proposed in the paper. The presented EMM is based on optimizing the size and structure of populations of both predators and preys in hunting areas, taking into account the boundaries of their range. The EMM “Ecosystem of Game Animals” is based on the EMM “Predator-Prey” and has a block-diagonal structure, where the main blocks are the “Prey” and “Predator” blocks, and the feeding and habitat blocks of game animals act as connecting ones. The optimality criteria of the EMM “Ecosystem of Game Animals” can be expressed by objective functions that implement diff erent scenarios for the implementation of the model. The described model allows us to create a mathematical representation of the ecosystem and study the biological characteristics of game animal populations, which ultimately contributes to more rational resource management in the hunting areas of our country.