Role of high-intensity exercise interventions in the management of frailty: a short systematic review

ABSTRACT This study aimed to summarize the current evidence on the impact of high-intensity exercise training interventions on frailty and physical function in older adults. A systematic review of controlled trials involving frail and prefrail older adults was conducted, examining resistance, power, and aerobic training, as well as combinations of these methods using loads greater than 70% of maximum capacity or maximal intended movement velocity. The review included eight studies with 437 participants, averaging 78.2 yr old. Results showed that high-intensity exercise significantly improved frailty phenotype scores by 0.3 to 3.0 criteria and enhanced physical function metrics, including the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), usual gait speed, and the five-repetition sit-to-stand test. Concurrent supervised training programs involving power-oriented and aerobic exercises yielded the most substantial benefits, particularly in frailty and SPPB scores. In conclusion, high-intensity exercise, especially concurrent training, effectively improved frailty and physical function in older adults. These programs should be incorporated into routine care to reduce frailty and improve the quality of life in this population. Further research should focus on standardizing protocols and evaluating long-term benefits.