Developing the Five-Target Test (FTT) for the technical performance analysis in boccia

This study aimed to create a new throwing test for assessing technical performance (accuracy) in boccia among female international players with cerebral palsy. Five international athletes (100% of a National Team) representing different functional classes participated. The test, conducted twice over two days, involved throwing 8 or 12 balls at five ground targets. Time to complete the test was recorded, along with average radial error (ARE) and constant errors (CE) in the X and Y axes for each throwing zone and the total test. Results indicated consistent performance between repetitions but decreased execution time. Reliability indicators showed acceptable consistency (ICC = 0.44 to 0.71; SEM = 1.23 to 3.19; MDC = 2.44 to 6.33). This novel test demonstrates validity and reliability for evaluating technical proficiency in boccia BC1, BC2, and BC3 classes, offering practical implications for coaches in designing training programs.