Integrating Renewable Energy Sources into Smart Grids with an Aggregator-Based Energy Management System for Efficiency and Resilience

Integrating renewable energy sources (RESs) into smart grids (SGs) is challenging due to the intermittent and unpredictable nature of the sources, which are often the sun or wind. Additionally, it is important to think about how to get customers involved in the electricity sector so that we can lower energy prices globally. According to this article, an energy management system (EMS) may help the SG run more efficiently. The EMS aggregates distributed energy resources to make SG market participation easier. Integrating demand-side management (DSM) with active management strategies (AMS) has financial and environmental benefits as it increases the use of renewable energy sources while decreasing consumer energy costs. By incorporating their preferences and costs into market processes, energy supply/demand and distribution system operators (DSOs) may respond to real-time price signals. This has the potential to make the grid more adaptable and resilient. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed EMS, a 23-bus, $11-\mathrm{kV}$ transmission network is used.