RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE: THE BEGINNINGS OF THE TRADITION AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN RUSSIА

Language is a phenomenological unfolding of metaphysical assumptions of the world order. “Edge” and “Will” are the structure-forming concepts of the Russian national identity, revealing the specifics of the Russian civilisation, combining mental and physical elements and transformed into traditional forms of socio-cultural organisation. Russian literature anticipates the key problems, in whose formulation Russian philosophy is born. This circumstance is especially significant in the last century, when the Russian world faced another historical challenge from the Western, bourgeois civilisation, cultivating the ideal of radical individualism. Soviet literature, inheriting the traditions of Russian classical literature in the style of “socialist realism”, solved the key problem of the post-capitalist world order - the identification of the essence of a new type of subjectivity.