The Characteristics of Witnesses of School Violence and Measures for Improvement

Witnesses of school violence often face indirect harm, which can lead to significant psychological and emotional challenges. Repeated exposure to violence may cause them to internalize aggressive behaviors or adopt a passive bystander role. This study analyzes the psychological and emotional characteristics of school violence witnesses and proposes targeted support strategies to address their needs. Key psychological issues include fear, anxiety, and isolation, which negatively impact emotional development. In trying to maintain peer group belonging, witnesses may overlook or condone violent behaviors, raising the risk of internalizing aggression. This study recognizes witnesses as indirect victims needing support rather than passive observers and seeks to promote positive self-concept and emotional well-being. Three main support strategies are suggested: after-school activities, voluntary community service, and counseling. After-school programs, including arts and sports, help witnesses express emotions, relieve stress, and foster positive self-identity. Voluntary service provides a sense of achievement, helps alleviate negative emotions, and builds self-esteem. Counseling, including group sessions, offers witnesses opportunities to correct negative beliefs formed from violence, develop positive coping skills, and receive emotional support through shared experiences. In conclusion, school violence witnesses require proactive and systematic support to overcome their psychological challenges. The suggested interventions aim to alleviate their emotional burden, foster resilience, and contribute to creating a peaceful school environment, ultimately supporting the healthy development of all students.