Development and Effects of Encouragement Program for Adolescents Victims of School Violence

The purpose of this study is to develop an encouragement program based on Adler’s theory for adolescents victims of school violence, and to analyze the effects of this program. In order to develop the program, the review of related resources, including Adler’s concepts and need-assessment, were performed. The preliminary program was made, and five professionals checked the program. The 10-sessions final program was organized after verifying face validity of the preliminary program and modifying it. To analyze the effectiveness of the program, 10 youth victims of school violence in the experimental group and 10 in the control group were sampled, and an encouragement program was implemented for the experimental group. Two groups were given pretest and conditional tests on the effect variables. The collected data was analyzed by repeated-measure MANOVA and ANOVA, using the SPSS 25.0 program. The analysis results were summarized as follows: First, the encouragement program had a positive effect in improving the self-esteem of adolescent victims of school violence. Particularly, the domestic and school self-esteem in sub-variables of self-esteem had meaningful effects. Second, the encouragement program had a positive effect in decreasing the depression of adolescents victims of school violence. Third, the encouragement program had a positive effect in improving the social interest of adolescent victims of school violence. This study is significant in that it developed an encouragement program for youth victims of school violence, and is expected to be used more diversely in the field of school and youth counseling.