Effects of Temperature, pH, and Salinity on Pseudomonas Species from Household Water Supplies and their Multidrug Resistance Profiles

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria in household water sources pose a considerable public health threat, especially in urban areas such as Dhaka, Bangladesh.This study aimed to characterize multidrug resistance among Pseudomonas species in Dhaka household water and evaluate their responses to various temperatures and NaCl concentrations.The major Pseudomonas species identified were P. syringae, P. aeruginosa, P. mendocina, P. oleovorans, P. guguanensis, P. viridiflava, P. fluorescens, and P. protegens.These species showed diverse patterns of growth responses to different temperatures, pH, and NaCl concentrations, indicating their species-specific pH and temperature preferences as well as divergent salt tolerance and adaptation methods.Antibiotic susceptibility tests conducted on the various Pseudomonas species showed a wide range of MDR profiles, with widespread resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as rifampicin, penicillin, and vancomycin.The species-specific preferences of temperature, pH, and salt concentration demonstrate that environmental conditions significantly influence the antibiotic resistance profiles of Pseudomonas species.Moreover, species that have evolved to withstand severe temperature, salinity, or pH levels showed distinct resistance patterns.These environmental parameters probably influence each species' metabolic processes and increase their antibiotic resistance mechanisms.Understanding the associations between environmental conditions and antibiotic resistance is crucial for drug efficacy and emphasizes the importance of considering environmental factors when dealing with antibiotic resistance in clinical and environmental contexts.Our results indicate that our approach can help improve Pseudomonas infection management and update drug development plans.