Trend Analysis of Atmospheric Lifted Index, Precipitable Water, and Rainfall Over Hyderabad, India

This study analyses the temporal patterns of rainfall, precipitable water, and lifted index in the Hyderabad region from 1980 to 2023, employing the Mann-Kendall test and regression analysis. These methods provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating rainfall variation, atmospheric instability and overall long-term climate change. Analysis was carried out using radiosonde data to assess precipitable water and lifted index while employing data from the India Water Resources Information System for rainfall analysis. A downward trend in the lifted index was observed during November, December, the annual period, and post-monsoon. An increasing trend in precipitable water was seen throughout all months, annually, and across the four seasons. No significant pattern in rainfall was seen throughout all months, annually, and throughout the four seasons. The annual increase in the lifted index in Hyderabad is significantly negative, indicating intensified convection and isolated storms. The yearly trend of precipitable water in Hyderabad demonstrates a significant positive connection, indicating an increase in atmospheric moisture. The monthly average time series revealed a significant positive trend in precipitable water, a negative trend in the lifted index, and no observable trend in rainfall. This study improves our comprehension of water vapour concentration, atmospheric instability, and precipitation patterns in Hyderabad, hence aiding agriculture, water resource management, and air pollution reduction.