Determination of saponins in restharrow tincture

In ethnomedicine of European and Asian countries, both the roots and herbs of the restharrow are used to treat a number of diseases. The purpose of the study is to assess the qualitative and quantitative composition of tinctures based on the content of saponins. Research was carried out to confirm the presence of saponins and make their quantitative determination in experimental samples of tinctures of herbs and roots of field restharrow (Ononis arvensis L.) collected in the Altai Region and in tinctures of herbs and roots of intermediate restharrow (Ononis intermedia L.) and field restharrow (Ononis arvensis L.) growing in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. Experimental samples of tinctures from the roots and herbs of the field restharrow and the roots and herbs of the intermediate restharrow were made by maceration using 70 % ethyl alcohol as an extractant. Studies were carried out to confirm the presence of triterpenoid saponins in the studied samples of tinctures by the foaming reaction using the Fontan-Kandel method, the qualitative Lafon reaction, and the qualitative Salkowski test. A technique has been adapted for the quantitative determination of saponins in terms of glycyrrhizinic acid using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 258 nm. A technique has been adapted for the quantitative determination of saponins in terms of the ammonium salt of aralosides using spectrophotometry at a wavelength of 510 nm. The tests carried out confirmed the presence of triterpenoid saponins in the tested samples of tinctures from the roots and herbs of the field restharrow and the intermediate restharrow. The presence of saponins was significantly higher in the tested samples of tinctures from the roots of both field restharrow and intermediate restharrow.