Construction and Application of a Formative Assessment System for Online and Offline Course Learning

Traditional learning assessments focus primarily on post-evaluation, failing to capture students’ learning methods, abilities, and behaviors throughout the learning process. Formative assessment, however, can thoroughly collect process data, providing a comprehensive evaluation of students and emphasizing timely feedback to enhance and improve learning outcomes. This paper proposes dividing the formative assessment in the teaching process into four core elements: learning progressions, identifying gaps, student involvement, and providing feedback. Taking the Operations Research course as an example, it effectively integrates and aligns online and offline teaching with a formative assessment mechanism, constructing an indicator system for formative assessment, and offering targeted suggestions for improving teaching effectiveness based on diagnostic results of the model.