Dynamic Pilot Allocation and Pricing Strategies for Priority-Based Access in LEO Satellites IoT Networks

The rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has increased the demand for reliable communication networks, particularly within low earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations. These networks face significant challenges in resource allocation and access control due to high device density and the inherent delayed feedback in satellite communications. This paper proposes a novel priority-based access control frame-work for the LEO constellation IoT network, incorporating a priority-based pilot allocation protocol (PPAP) that effectively manages delayed feedback scenarios. The PPAP dynamically adjusts pilot resources and transmission probabilities to optimize access performance across different priority levels. Furthermore, a dynamic pricing model is introduced to balance service quality and fairness between the two priority levels while maximizing the revenue of the operator.