Trade-off Analysis of Gateway Strategies for Embedding of CAN Frames into Ethernet Packets

The advancement of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) has increased the demand for more sensor data within vehicles, necessitating faster data transmission. To meet this requirement, in-vehicle networks (IVNs) with higher link speeds are essential, as the data rates of traditional IVN protocols are insufficient for future applications. To address these demands, an IVN architecture that integrates both controller area network (CAN) and automotive Ethernet is being considered. The coexistence of CAN and automotive Ethernet necessitates the use of gateways, which introduces latency when transferring data from CAN to automotive Ethernet. However, many studies have not thoroughly explored the strategies and characteristics of such gateways and their impact on performance. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the processing latency and network efficiency associated with different gateway strategies for embedding CAN frames into Ethernet packets. The findings of this study show the trade-off between latency and network efficiency and highlight the potential for optimizing CAN-Ethernet gateways.