LiDAR-based Localization for Autonomous Vehicles - Survey and Recent Trends

Autonomous driving technology has gained significant interest recently due to its potential for efficiency, convenience, and safety. Within this context, localization, which aims to determine the precise location of the vehicle, is a crucial technique for the operation of autonomous vehicles. Among various localization techniques that have been proposed, LiDAR has gained significant attention for its ability to provide high-quality 3D data and its resistance to light variations. Consequently, LiDAR sensor-based localization has emerged as a fundamental approach in autonomous navigation systems. This paper reviews research efforts related to LiDAR-based localization. We categorize these efforts based on two main criteria: (1) Sensor Data Usage Method, (2) Map Utilization Method. We aim to analyze the potential and limitations of each approach, understand current research trends, and suggest future directions for research in this field.