Language Lacunas and Methods of Their Elimination in Intercultural Dialogue

The article considers lacunas - basic elements of the national specificity of a linguocultural community, represented in a foreign language text or actualized in direct intercultural communication. Lacunarity is understood as a discrepancy between the languages and cultures being compared, and the consequence is the absence in one of the languages and cultures being compared of a phenomenon peculiar to the other language and culture. In a broad sense, a lacuna marks the national specificity of the compared cultural spaces and their speakers. In contrast, in a narrow sense, a lacuna means the absence of an equivalent lexical unit in the recipient's language.The compensation method to eliminate lacunas is chosen by choosing a quasi-equivalent from the 'native' culture, similar to the 'foreign' image in any foreign text. Eliminating (eliminating) lacunas is an attempt to 'pe-recode' foreign models with one's own or, on the contrary, with the means of contacting languages. Eliminating lacunas is carried out crosswise: 1) by methods of filling or 2) by compensation, and it is carried out depending on the socio-psychological mechanisms of inter-ethnic interaction (purposes of contact, cultural differences in the ethno-psycholinguistic profiles of communicators, diversity of communication styles) and the phenomenal-linguistic nature of lacunas.