Similarity Between Natural and Artificial Lights: Weighting by the Vision of Three Species of Heterocera

Light pollution, a growing ecological concern, significantly impacts moths, which are crucial for pollination and biodiversity. This study compares artificial and natural light using the Daylight Similarity Index (DSI) and Moonlight Similarity Index (MSI). Spectral data from LED lamps and natural sources were weighted by the visual responses of three moth species. Maximum similarity was found at Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) between 3000–4000 K, which could be perceived as the most similar to natural light by insects. The findings suggest visual perception mechanisms are related to family rather than lifestyle, recommending further research with UV-inclusive light and other light characteristics.